Chronic kidney disease

Weekly Health and Fitness Corner

"...chronic kidney disease or chronic renal failure is a progressive irreversible condition characterized by either a reduction in kidney function or kidney damage as a result of any cause that a present for more than 3 months it is divided into stages based on the glomerular filtration rate which is a measure of how well the kidneys are functioning it shows the flow rate of filtrate through the glomerulus of the Nephron into the Bowman's capsule and ultimately through the renal tubules the stages are labeled 1 to 5 with 2 groups in stage 3 the definition of a reduced GFR is below 60 milliliters per minute but in groups 1 and 2 the GFR may actually be above 60 but there is evidence of kidney damage end-stage renal disease is classed as a GF are below 15 or the need for renal replacement therapy like dialysis or renal transplant kidney damage can be defined as signs of damage seen on Imaging or on testing such as a high albumin to creatinine ratio which is a measurement of the amount of protein lost in the urine in fact in combination with GFR these patients are divided into three food groups based on the albumin creatinine ratio with higher values indicating more damage and an increased likelihood of progression initially chronic kidney disease may not cause many problems and it is often asymptomatic however as it progresses it brings with it several significant complications these can include an elevated cardiovascular risk with patients are 5 to 10 times more likely to die from cardiovascular disease than end-stage renal disease the risk of stroke has been found to increase as the GFR lowers around seven percent for every 10 ml per minute lost this may also be the result of CKD contributing to hypertension as well as being caused by it this can be due to activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and can also be because as the disease progresses the kidney is less able to excrete leading to retention and subsequent fluid overload signs of fluid overload could be dismissed near due to pulmonary edema or a fusion and peripheral edema or ascites anemia is also common which contributes to disappear and can come from a reduction in erythropoietin from the..."

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