Episode 696: A Constellation of Challenges, with Emma Salisbury

Midrats

Look who we have on a short-turnaround visit to Midrats, Dr. Emma Salisbury!We’re going to cover the waterfront issues in the Anglosphere, but we’ll kick off the discussion with the issues she outlined in her recent Behind the Front post, Franken-FREMM: How the Constellation Class Became a Monster.
Emma recently completed her PhD at Birkbeck College, University of London, with research focusing on the history of the U.S. military-industrial complex. She is the Sea Power Research Fellow at the Council on Geostrategy, Fellow at UK Strategic Command Defence Futures, and an assistant editor at War on the Rocks.
Showlinks

• Franken-FREMM: How the Constellation Class Became a Monster - Emma Salisbury
• Beyond the Iron Triangle: The Military-Industrial Complex as Assemblage - Emma Salisbury
• The US Navy has Fallen Victim to the British Disease - Tom Sharpe

Summary
The conversation discusses the challenges and systemic problems in naval shipbuilding, specifically focusing on the Constellation Class FFG program. The guests highlight the lack of learning from previous failures, the accumulation of unnecessary changes, and the desire for perfection at the outset. They also explore the mindset issue in shipbuilding, the impact of economic considerations on decision-making, and the importance of maintaining shipbuilding capacity. The conversation emphasizes the need for an iterative approach and long-term planning to address these issues. The conversation explores the challenges and issues surrounding naval procurement and shipbuilding in the UK and the US. It discusses the underfunding of the armed forces, the problem of project creep, the need for investment in defense, and the importance of having a clear vision for ship designs. The conversation also touches on the potential of AI and unmanned assets in the future, the need for flexibility in ship designs, and the importance of maintaining a strong defense industrial base.
Takeaways

• Naval shipbuilding faces systemic problems and a lack of learning from previous failures.
• The desire for perfection at the outset and the accumulation of unnecessary changes contribute to shipbuilding challenges.
• Economic considerations and the impact on local communities often influence decision-making in shipbuilding programs.
• Maintaining shipbuilding capacity is crucial for national security and requires long-term planning.
• An iterative approach, similar to China's shipbuilding strategy, could be beneficial for naval shipbuilding programs. Both the UK and the US have historically underfunded their armed forces, leading to challenges in naval procurement and shipbuilding.
• Project creep, the tendency to continuously add features and modifications to a design, has been a major problem in naval procurement.
• Investment in defense is necessary to ensure the readiness and capability of armed forces.
• There is a need for a clear vision and focus on the intended role and capabilities of ships, rather than trying to make them do everything.
• While AI and unmanned assets hold promise for the future, there is still a long way to go in terms of technology development and integration into fleet structures.
• Flexibility in ship designs is important to accommodate future upgrades and capabilities.
• Maintaining a strong defense industrial base is crucial for national security and the success of naval procurement and shipbuilding.

Chapters

00:00: Introduction
01:21: Systemic Problems in Naval Shipbuilding
03:03: The Constellation Class FFG Program and its Challenges
06:01: The Desire for Perfection and Accumulation of Changes
10:26: The Need for an Iterative Approach in Shipbuilding
17:47: Economic Considerations and Decision-Making in Shipbuilding
22:40: The Importance of Maintaining Shipbuilding Capacity
25:23: Long-Term Planning for Naval Shipbuilding
29:48: Underfunding and Sea Blindness
33:01: The Problem of Project Creep
35:44: The Need for Defense Investment
38:41: Making the Case for Defense Spending
44:12: The Importance of Clear Ship Designs
46:09: The Potential and Limitations of AI and Unmanned Assets
49:32: Flexibility in Ship Designs for Future Upgrades
52:09: The Challenge of Limited Space and Displacement
55:09: Fixing the Defense Industrial Base