103: DigiPath Digest #11 (Pathology & AI: Metastasis Detection, Fast Annotations & Foundation Models)

Digital Pathology Podcast

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In this episode of DigiPath Digest, we review the latest AI developments in digital pathology described in the literature. I explore how AI is pushing the boundaries of metastasis detection, breast cancer treatment predictions, lung cancer research trends, and the creation of pathology foundation models.

Episode Breakdown:

• 00:00 – Welcome & Introduction
• 00:36 – Sentinel Node Metastasis Detection: A discussion on the development of an AI model that can detect sentinel node metastasis in melanoma with accuracy comparable to that of pathologists. The model aids in distinguishing between nodal metastasis and intra-nodal nevus, which is crucial for accurate staging in melanoma patients.
• 05:01 – Predicting Breast Cancer Treatment Response: A cross-modal AI model that integrates pathology images and ultrasound data is explored. This model is designed to predict a breast cancer patient’s response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, providing personalized insights that can guide treatment decisions.
• 09:59 – Global Trends in AI and Lung Cancer Pathology: This section reviews a bibliometric study that analyzed global research trends in AI-based digital pathology for lung cancer over the past two decades. The study highlights the need for increased collaboration between institutions and countries to further AI advancements in this area.
• 13:30 – Pathology Foundation Models: An in-depth look at a new foundation model in pathology, designed to generalize across various diagnostic tasks. This model shows significant promise in cancer diagnosis and prognosis prediction, outperforming traditional deep learning methods by addressing domain shifts across different datasets.
• 20:08 – Domain Shifts in AI Models: A brief discussion on the impact of domain shifts, such as variations in staining protocols and patient populations, on the performance of AI models in pathology. Strategies for mitigating these challenges are highlighted.
• 29:09 – Faster Annotation in Pathology: The episode concludes with a review of a study comparing manual and semi-automated annotation methods. The semi-automated approach significantly reduces the time required for annotating whole slide images, offering a more efficient solution for pathologists.

Resources Mentioned:
📰 Sentinel Node Metastasis Detection in Melanoma
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39238597/
📰 Cross-Modal Deep Learning for Breast Cancer Response
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39237596/
📰 Global Bibliometric Mapping in Lung Cancer Pathology
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39233894/
📰 CHIEF Foundation Model for Cancer Diagnosis
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39232164/
📰 Improving Annotation Processes in Pathology
🔗 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39231887/

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